With this year’s issue, Past and Present more accurately reflects the diversity of disciplines represented in the department, by including the journal’s very first Intelligence Analysis paper. Moreover, as the department’s composition has shifted this year with the addition of our Philosophy colleagues, I look forward to future issues of Past and Present being further augmented. This year’s issue again showcases the editors’ creative vision as well as their editing acumen, and I take great pride in the student editors and all the departmental students whose work contributed to it. As always, this year’s Past and Present highlights the stellar scholarship produced by our students, in a publication unique at York College. I am indebted to all of my departmental faculty colleagues who have mentored students in the research projects that were submitted for consideration, whether or not the papers ultimately were accepted for publication; faculty devotion to nurturing students at every step of the research process has direct bearing on the quality of the final projects. I am also grateful to all of our department’s students for providing their scholarship, which serves as a foundation for the journal. I have been blessed to work with four outstanding student editors, all of whom have been an absolute joy to work with, and I deeply appreciate their unceasing hard work, devotion, and care with which they approached this endeavor. After difficult deliberations, the editors have selected seven exceptional manuscripts that reflect the broad research interests and high quality of scholarship of our department’s students, and have spent many hours reading and preparing the manuscripts for publication. Their vision for this year’s cover design, which they describe in their explanation, illustrates the range of student research. I know they join me in expressing sincere joy at unveiling the latest issue of Past and Present.
-Ilana Krug, Past and Present faculty advisor
The Past and Present Journal is published annually by the Department of History and Political Science at York College of Pennsylvania.
Department of History and Political Science Faculty and Staff:
Corey Brooks, chair
Ilana Krug
Deb Staley, Administrative Assistant
Peter Levy, Emeritus
Julio Javier Aguayo
Xiaofei Li
John Altman
Kay McAdams
Nicholas Anspach
Sung-Wook Paik
Jacqueline Beatty
Jennifer Pomeroy
Paul Doutrich, Emeritus
Kwasi Sarfo
David Fyfe
Walter Stepanenko
Mary Graham, Emerita
Robert Terry, Emeritus
Greg Kaliss
John Weaver
Padraic Kennedy
Dennis Weiss
Rory Kraft
Copying by Rosanna Wood and Mildred Martin, York College Academic Printing Services
Binding services performed by Wolf Printing, York, PA