Past & Present 2023

Historical and Political Research Forum

York College of Pennsylvania

Spring 2023

Volume XXXII

Board of Editors

Jason Bratcher

Jenifer Hernandez Vargas

Christian Shetter-Gervasi

Sydney Slack

Faculty Advisor

 Ilana Krug

Department Chair

Corey Brooks

Acknowledgements

Cover Note from the Editors

Table of Contents

“Where Do the Children Play?'”: Comparing Environmental Justice Between the Warren County Hazardous Waste Landfill and the Love Canal Crisis

Keely Bluett

Gun Gospel: Exploring the Relationship Between Gun Control and Firearm Deaths

Hans Christian Clouser

Constance Applebee and the Introduction of Field Hockey into the United States

Victoria Good

Forgotten Losses: Nature and Agriculture at the Battle of Gettysburg

Ian Miller

An Empirical Look at Mass Shootings & Death by Guns in America

Marlena Schugt

When the Police are Stuck in Traffic and Potholes: The Relationship Between Road Infrastructure Deterioration and Emergency Response Time

Kyra Shoemaker

The War on Torture: Should We Play by the Rules? An In-depth Analysis of the Effectiveness of Enhanced Interrogation Techniques Used by the United States Intelligence Community Post-9/11

Nathan Swartz